Comparison of the four Veyatic languages

This comparison juxtaposes four levels of the same language family:

1. Ur-Veyatic
2. Old Veyata
3. Veyrathi
4. Veythar

The aim is not just a list of words next to each other, but rather a readable overview of how phonetic form, grammar and style develop from the common original language through the intermediate stage Old Veyata to the two more recent versions.

Note:

• Where a form or sentence is not already verbatim in the individual files, it follows directly the productive rules defined there.
• Old Veyata deliberately stands here as a hinge between Ur-Veyata and the later daughter languages.

Short profile of the four languages

Word comparisons

Core words

Function words and grammar markers| Function | Ur-Veyatic | Old Veyata | Veyrathi | Veythar | Description |

|---|---|---|---|---|---| | definite article | aer | ara | ar | ae | Alt-Veyata regularizes the old deixis into an open koineform. The shapes then split into a short eastern and a narrow western variant. | | distal article | aur | ora | or | our | Here the same split is even more evident: Old Veyata mediates, while East and West reduce in different directions. | | negation | noi | no | no | ne | The old negator is simplified via old Veyata. Veyrathi holds no, Veytharisch narrows further to ne. | | future | sha | ra | -ra | sha | Ur-Veyatic and Veytharic work with a free marking of the future. Old Veyata moves the future after the verb; Veyrathi finally binds it as a suffix. | | Ownership / Affiliation | na | =ren | 'ren | na | Alt-Veyata abandons the old particle strategy and builds a genitive clitic. Veyrathi uses this to create his typical possessive pattern, while Veytharisch preserves the old na strategy. | | 1st person singular | nu / nau | nu | nu | nai | Old Veyata and Veyrathi generalize the short form of speech. Veytharisch reshapes the old series and ends at nai. | | neutral 3rd person | se / seya | se | se | sae | The neutral person remains recognizable throughout, but drifts forward vocally in the west. | | Irrealis | kai | kei | kei | kai | Alt-Veyata and Veyrathi unify the form with ei, while Veytharisch preserves the more archaic vowel. |

Sentence comparisons

1. Basic statement: "I speak."

Description:

• From Ur-Veyata to Old Veyata, the old verb ending -ar largely coincides.
• Veyrathi adopts this open form almost unchanged.
• Veytharisch instead forms a bare finite stem and simultaneously shifts the pronoun to nai.

2. Future: "I will speak."

Description:

• Originally Veyatically places the future as a free particle in front of the verb.
• Old Veyata moves the future behind the verb and thus creates the direct precursor to the Veyrathian future tense.
• Veyrathi merges particle and verb into a single word form.
• Veytharisch, on the other hand, retains the auxiliary principle and combines it with the -en infinitive.

3. Negation: "I don't speak."

Description:

• Negation remains preverbal in all four languages.
• However, you can clearly see a clear erosion path: noi > no > ne.
• Veytharisch maintains the position, but changes the sound shape more clearly than Veyrathi.

4. Nominal predication: "The council is strong."

Description:

• Proto-Veyatic and the Eastern line allow copulaless predicates in the unmarked present.
• Old Veyata already shows the later Veyrathian smoothing of articles and nouns.
• Veytharisch deliberately takes a different approach here and regularly requires the copula is.
• At the same time, Veytharisch shortens the noun stem to thal, while Veyrathi keeps thalor.

5. Ownership and condition: "My house is open."| language | Sentence |

|---|---| | Ur-Veyatic | Aer drun na nau torim. | | Old Veyata | Nu=ren drun torim. | | Veyrathi | Nu'ren drun torim. | | Veythar | Ae drun na naim is torim. |

Description:

• Ur-Veyatisch builds possession with the free particle na.
• Old Veyata shifts possession into a genitive clitic =ren.
• Veyrathi uses this to create his typical possessive pattern with a preceding possessive.
• Veytharisch, on the other hand, insists on na and also adds the copula is.

6. Transfer: "I give the person food."

Description:

• Ur-Veyatisch still clearly shows the old target particle ta and a sequence close to SOV.
• Alt-Veyata often replaces the target particles with the oblique form of the pronoun (sei), but still keeps the object block before the verb.
• Veyrathi uses this to create his clear SVO transfer structure: verb first, then receiver, then subject.
• Veytharisch places the finite verb in second position and retains the adpositional target marker ta.

7. Condition and Irrealis: "If the person doesn't speak, I would ask."

Description:

• The old conditional marker vena lives on in the West as ven, but is replaced by dun in Old Veyata and Veyrathi.
• The Irrealis family is also split: kai remains in the west, while kei prevails in the east.
• Veytharisch also shows the infinitive pattern on -en again, while Veyrathi and Alt-Veyata prefer the more naked verb form.

8. Validity statement: "The contract is valid."

Description:

• Ur-Veyatisch has an optional, stylistically marked copula isar.
• Old Veyata is much younger here and omits the copula in the unmarked present tense.
• Veyrathi consistently continues this copulaless normal predication.
• Veytharisch, on the other hand, expands the copula and makes it almost mandatory in the standard sentence.

Central lines of development

1. Old Veyata is not just a mixed form, but the phase in which many old systems have already been simplified without the later East-West split taking full effect.
2. Veyrathi relies almost entirely on smoothing, open syllables, short clear particles and transparent SVO structure.
3. Veytharisch often retains older remnants, but at the same time shortens sound forms, expands auxiliaries and develops a significantly narrower sentence architecture.
4. Ur-Veyatic is not automatically "more complicated" than everything later, but it is freer, more register-dependent and less standardized.
5. Word relationships remain clearly visible between all four levels, but even at the sentence level the differences in possession marking, future formation, use of copula and word order become very clear.

Short conclusion

The four languages show a clear historical gradation:

• Ur-Veyatic is the old source.
• Alt-Veyata is the smoothed common bridge level.
• Veyrathi turns it into an open, analytical standard language.
• Veytharisch develops into a denser, more conservative and more socially marked sister.

Especially in word and sentence comparisons you can see that Old Veyata is the most plausible place where the family can still be read together before East and West move in different directions.